"transmedia story unfolds across multiple platforms, with each new text making a distinctive and valuable contribution to the whole" and avoiding redundancy (Jenkins 97-98). The examples Jenkins gives of this horizontal integration of media range from the heavily discussed The Matrix franchise, to other hugely popular media goliaths, such as Star Wars, Harry Potter, Pokemon, and Yu-Gi-Oh, to, as mentioned earlier in the book, reality shows like Survivor and American Idol, which engage consumers on multiple fronts and encourage their participation beyond superficial viewing. The unifying thread that runs throughout each of the examples that Jenkins has put forth is the notion that "storytelling has become the art of world building, as artists create compelling environments that cannot be fully explored or exhausted within a single work or even a single medium" (Jenkins 116). These transmedia experiences are products of alternate realities. The Wachowski brothers built their empire on a universe that lies just outside the boundaries of our own; other experiences, such as Star Wars and Harry Potter and the like lie even further away from reality. Even Survivor and American Idol reappropriate reality into a media-manufactured commercial environment – perhaps the most foreign experience of all. From Convergence Culture, one might assume that the blueprint to a transmedia experience must be framed by the transportation to an alternative world.
Ignored by this blueprint is the transforming transmedia music culture we see today. Music used to be rather monolithic; anything outside of the audible realm was supplemental to the songs and albums artists would release. Tours represented places people could go to hear a band's songs in person. Music videos represented visual supplements to songs. Merchandise represented materials a band or label sold to promote the music. However, with the recording industry in freefall, the blueprint for the way an artist promotes and releases music is changing – even the realms within which an artist works is evolving and expanding. No artist has embraced – or embodied – this change more in recent times than rapper Kanye West.
Kanye West began blogging in late 2007. Unlike many other artists' and record labels' blogs, however, his posts were far more than just updates on music matters. He would post art, fashion, old music videos, new music from his peers, and things he simply thought were cool. It was a window into his mind, and an outlet for his tireless activity. But it was difficult to imagine that this sort of intimacy could reach any higher plateaus beyond this.
Moving forward to 2010, following his reclusion after the Taylor Swift incident, Kanye West would direct all of his energy towards a transmedia experience unlike anything else witnessed in music history. Kanye visited Facebook and Twitter headquarters in the early summer of 2010 and was videotaped performing a few songs acapella in front of employees at the respective institutions; shortly after the news of these meetings came out, Kanye West's reinvigorated Internet presence was born. Kanye's Twitter account offered an even more intimate look at the inner workings of his mind with tweets that painted a portrait of a workaholic insomniac obsessed with opulence and without a filter. While Kanye continued to flood our timelines and newsfeeds, he suddenly began flooding our iTunes libraries. He spent 2009 appearing as a featured guest on song after song, but with the creation of "GOOD Friday's," we saw Kanye surround himself with guests of his own on song after song released every Friday night. As soon as we could wrap our heads around one new song from Kanye, another was on its way with a new band of extremely high profile guests joining the cast and submitting to his methods. The influence of his weekly giveaways cannot be understated; they sparked endless conversation and even imitators along the way, but laid the groundwork for an album that was in the works. But before the album was released, Kanye West showed of his directorial skills and put together a 35 minute short film built off a script he primarily wrote, that starred himself, and featured several songs off of his upcoming album. The film, Runaway, represented unmarked territory for music artists of any genre, but offered yet another entry point to the experience that is Kanye West. All of this – from the tweets to the weekly songs to the movie to even artwork that painter George Condo did for Kanye's album and singles – snowballed into the November 22nd release of Kanye's album titled My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, a critical smash and commercial success, ending up on top of countless year-end critic lists, as well as near the top of the list in album sales, behind only Eminem and Taylor Swift.
Kanye West's album was not one that could simply be digested on its own. Not only was it unfair to consume on its own: it was impossible. Kanye created a truly integrated media experience, not unlike anything Lucas, Rowling, or the Wachowski brothers created with their franchises. Also important to the media experiences that Jenkins has described is the role of collective intelligence in their examination; Kanye West's transmedia run could not be excluded from this company on this account either though, especially if one took the time to look at the online rap communities invigorated by his output. However, what Kanye created, even with its centerpiece ironically titled a Fantasy, presents more of a reality than any of Jenkins' examples could claim. We experience Kanye West's media assault in so many ways, but none of them lie anywhere outside of our realm of familiarity.
I thought I'd post the video in case anyone would like to see it.
ReplyDeletehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jg5wkZ-dJXA
I do think that this is an example of how convergence culture has already been with us for quite sometime. Lots of artists like to talk about how MTV killed music. Perhaps this is an overstatement but it is clear that mixing of medias does some significant effects on how different creations are perceived. I think that it is also an overstatement that Jenkins made that the new transmedia paradigm will replace the old hollywood paradigm but i wonder what the consequences will be if this is true.
For example will the desire for transmedia hurt film? Will the necessity of mixing media destroy the ability for film to be a self-contained creation? Will people feel that a film by itself will not suffice to fulfill them? Will directors leave out certain parts of a film or story to make you seek them out in other places?
This is an interesting view on transmedia. It seems to me that by Kanye utilizing a transmedia approach he has been able to become larger than life. As you mentioned it gave music consumers "a window into his mind."
ReplyDeleteThis window, perhaps, makes Kanye seem more real, more relatable.
By being able to see his thoughts and learn his likes and dislikes we are able to feel more like a close friend or confidante, rather than an obsessed fan scouring the internet for information about him.
By inviting us into his world through multiple outlets he is able to communicate with his fans on a personal level, and ultimately profit greatly through this communication
@JP:
ReplyDeleteI was also curious as to where the future of transmedia will go?
I have a feeling that the transmedia model that new Hollywood is trying to uphold will be a new trend. Why? Simply because it is a marketing technique to get more money. With transmedia storytelling, producers can make money through video games, comic books, web-pages, television, etc.
I agree that Kanye creates more of a reality than the others examples that Jenkins gives but that ironic because of the title of him album, "fantasy." In a way Kanye's reality is limited because it focuses on real life events rather than a made up creative world. At first with the introduction with stars having twitter and social sites I thought the starts would lose their high pedestal like status and that is what has happened in a way. Now, the stars and fans are more connected than ever which could be a key this new transmedia culture.
ReplyDeleteUnlike examples used in Jenkins' book such as Harry Potter and the Matrix franchise, I'm not personally familiar with Kanye West's music. However, the description you gave seems to be an apt example of transmedia. I'm interested in hearing more about how transmedia is affecting music, although I'm not as integrated into that community as I am with other forms of media.
ReplyDeleteIs Kanye the only prominent example of a musical artist embracing transmedia, or is he just the first notable artist to do so? I'm aware of efforts by some groups to drastically change music distribution methods, but I'm honestly not aware of any move towards transmedia.
Very interesting thoughts. Thanks for sharing.
ReplyDeleteIt seems as though transmedia is becoming an expectation for celebrity. It is certainly a way to capitalize on a market for financial gain, but it also gives artists and people of high cultural importance an outlet to speak for themselves and hold more control over their public image. Transmedia holds the power of familiarity with an individual or brand, and I love how you make that point in the last sentence.
I think works of the transmedia nature are certainly a trend. Not all transmedia projects, however, are very successful. It's obvious when a company, group, or person uses the transmedia model just as a means of making money, and not as a way to create a story or world. Earlier this year, 50 Cent took advantage of his massive following on Twitter to promote a stock he largely owned. The moved made him $8.7 million in a matter of days. I'm not saying that every celebrity or venture is out to cash in – clearly that wasn't the only goal of The Matrix franchise – but one bad transmedia apple can start to spoil the bunch.
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